a. The doctrine of justification by faith received as a legacy from 16th century Reformers.
b. The 1888 Message on justification and righteousness by faith came from "the creeds of the Protestant churches of the day" (cf. Pease, pp. 138, 139).
c. Insights that made the 1888 message unique did not come from "Creeds of the Protestant churches of the day" but from direct inspiration of the Holy Spirit upon "the minds of men divinely appointed," who had credentials from heaven" (EGW). This is evident from fact that the 1888 message of righteousness by faith related that truth to the cleansing of the sanctuary, a truth that no non-Adventist church or "creed" had an inkling of. Only superficially does 1888 message appear to parallel "creeds of Protestant churches".