Daniel 2:1: And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams, wherewith his spirit was troubled, and his sleep brake from him.
Daniel had finished his special three years of university education. Now the Lord opened the way for him to help those people in Babylon who did not know of His truth, or understand His character of love. He had chosen His people Israel to be missionaries to proclaim the gospel to their dark world, but they had failed Him. Now He is about to circumvent their unbelief in a fantastic way.
Daniel 2:2-4: Then the king commanded to call the magicians, and the astrologers, and the sorcerers, and the Chaldeans, for to shew the king his dreams. So they came and stood before the king. And the king said unto them, I have dreamed a dream, and my spirit was troubled to know the dream.
The king was proud of his empire, and his beautiful capital city, Babylon. He hoped it would remain forever. He knew very well, however, as all men know, that some day he must die. Then what would happen to his kingdom?
He was a pagan king, and knew nothing about the one true God of heaven. His only contact had been through God's unfaithful people, the Jews, whom Nebuchadnezzar had been able to conquer and take captive. Since he conquered the Jews, who could blame him for thinking that he was greater than their God?
The people of Israel had loved themselves more than others, and thought that they alone could be saved. Poor Nebuchadnezzar! In his paganism, he knew no better than to do many wrong things. But God could see that his heart was honest.
Although the king was well educated in the wisdom of the world, he did not know the wisdom of heaven. This strange dream made a deep impact on his heart. He could not even remember its details, but God was working to prepare a way to humble the philosophers of Babylon who professed to know true science. He gave Daniel an opportunity to open their minds to reality. Note the method God employed.
What the Babylonians called "higher education" was foolishness. Some of the "wise men" professed to talk with dead people. Some were "astrologers" who professed to read the future through the movements of the stars. It was their custom, when the king asked wisdom from them, to ask him many questions skillfully crafted in order to draw him out to learn what he was thinking. Then they would invent some answer, hopefully to satisfy him. This they tried to do now.
Daniel 2:5-13: The king answered and said to the Chaldeans, The thing is gone from me: if ye will not make known unto me the dream, with the interpretation thereof, ye shall be cut in pieces, and your houses shall be made a dunghill. But if ye shew the dream, and the interpretation thereof, ye shall receive of me gifts and rewards and great honour: therefore shew me the dream, and the interpretation thereof. They answered again and said, Let the king tell his servants the dream, and we will shew the interpretation of it. The king answered and said, I know of certainty that ye would gain the time, because ye see the thing is gone from me. But if ye will not make known unto me the dream, there is but one decree for you: for ye have prepared lying and corrupt words to speak before me, till the time be changed: therefore tell me the dream, and I shall know that ye can shew me the interpretation thereof. The Chaldeans answered before the king, and said, There is not a man upon the earth that can shew the king's matter: therefore there is no king, lord, nor ruler, that asked such things at any magician, or astrologer, or Chaldean. And it is a rare thing that the king requireth, and there is none other that can shew it before the king, except the gods, whose dwelling is not with flesh. For this cause the king was angry and very furious, and commanded to destroy all the wise men of Babylon. And the decree went forth that the wise men should be slain; and they sought Daniel and his fellows to be slain.
At last Nebuchadnezzar wakes up to these tricks. Sensing that some supernatural Being is trying to tell him something significant, he is tired after several days and nights without rest. He worries over the dream. He can't control his temper with his wise men. Have not these "wise men" professed to talk with "gods" who did not "dwell with human flesh?" And now they confess before the king that all they have is only the ordinary ignorance of human beings!
Now comes a battle between the education of the world and that which comes only from God. Here are the wisest men of the world in the kingdom of Babylon, educated in every possible branch of learning of their time. On the other side stands Daniel, a youth despised, coming from a people who are conquered slaves. But Daniel had received the education and knowledge of God.
We cannot approve of the anger and cruelty which Nebuchadnezzar shows toward his professed "wise men." But we must remember that this is the anger of an autocrat who has been deceived by those whom he has trusted. And all the while, he is basically an honest man.
However, this terrible cruelty is an evidence of the truthfulness of the book of Daniel. Ancient historians such as Herodotus tell of Eastern rulers notorious for the barbarity of their punishments, especially the Assyrians and Persians. Dismemberment, tearing bodies apart, is portrayed in Assyrian bas-reliefs on stone, and is also described in the law codes of Babylonia and Assyria. The picture Daniel gives us is supported by history.
Note that these were pagan "wise men" who believed that God's "dwelling is not with flesh." In the end of time there will be only two basic religions in the world:
(1) That "faith of Jesus" which declares (as Scripture says) that in His incarnation the Son of God "was made in the likeness of men," that "God [sent] His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh," that He was "in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin," that He "condemned sin in the flesh" by denying self all His life up to Gethsemane and even to His cross. (Philippians 2:5-8; Romans 8:3, 4; Hebrews 4:14; John 5:30, 6:38; Matthew 26:39) And
(2) this belief of the pagan "wise men" of Babylon in a "god" who does not "dwell with flesh," that the Son of God did not "take" our fallen, sinful flesh upon Himself, but was cut off from DNA identity with the human race through some dogma of an Immaculate Conception, so He could not be "in all points tempted like as we are," thus removing from humanity our Savior from sin and substituting for us a savior in sin.
Daniel 2:14-18: Then Daniel answered with counsel and wisdom to Arioch the captain of the king's guard, which was gone forth to slay the wise men of Babylon: He answered and said to Arioch the king's captain, Why is the decree so hasty from the king? Then Arioch made the thing known to Daniel. Then Daniel went in, and desired of the king that he would give him time, and that he would shew the king the interpretation. Then Daniel went to his house, and made the thing known to Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah, his companions: That they would desire mercies of the God of heaven concerning this secret; that Daniel and his fellows should not perish with the rest of the wise men of Babylon.
Do not forget that Daniel has received the summa cum laude in the examination at the close of his three-year university course. He was enthusiastically listed as "ten times wiser" than the others; and yet he humbly seeks God for wisdom and asks his friends to pray with him and for him. True education does not allow anyone to be proud.
It was good that the king had apparently forgotten about Daniel when he called his "wise men" to tell him what the dream was. Had he called him first, there would have been no opportunity to expose the empty pretensions of these "wise men." Daniel probably remembered the promise of David in Psalm 25:12-14: "The secret of the Lord is with them that fear him; and he will shew them his covenant." Perhaps he remembered the promise in Proverbs 3:25-26: "Be not afraid of sudden fear, neither of the desolation of the wicked, when it cometh. For the Lord shall be thy confidence, and shall keep thy foot from being taken." In severe crisis, he chose to believe the Good News in God's promises. He is one of the heroes listed in Hebrews 11 who "pleased God" because they believed what He said (vs. 6).
Daniel 2:19-23: Then was the secret revealed unto Daniel in a night vision. Then Daniel blessed the God of heaven. Daniel answered and said, Blessed be the name of God for ever and ever: for wisdom and might are his: And he changes the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding: He revealeth the deep and secret things; he knoweth what is in the darkness, and the light dwelleth with him. I thank thee, and praise thee, O thou God of my fathers, who hast given me wisdom and might, and hast made known unto me now what we desired of thee: for thou hast made known unto us the king's matter.
Notice:
(1) Daniel's confidence that truly the Lord had revealed to him the dream of the king. He would not ask the king timidly whether this might be his dream or not. Instead he praises the Lord for revealing it to him. He risks everything on this faith.
(2) We are reminded that in our prayers to God we should praise Him for the accomplished fact of His goodness and mercy to us.
(3) We see how Daniel understood that this revelation came in response to the prayers of his friends as well as his own. He did not take the honor to himself alone. The true Christian will not deprive others of the credit which belongs to them.
Note also how Daniel confesses that true wisdom comes only from the God of heaven. Magic and witchcraft are not its sources. Astrology deserves to be classed with "science falsely so called" (1 Timothy 6:20). These currently popular superstitions are modern examples of the ancient ignorance of the Babylonians of Daniel's day. Daniel is an up-to-date book!
Daniel 2:24-25: Therefore Daniel went in unto Arioch, whom the king had ordained to destroy the wise men of Babylon: he went and said thus unto him: Destroy not the wise men of Babylon; bring me in before the king, and I will shew unto the king the interpretation. Then Arioch brought in Daniel before the king in haste, and said thus unto him, I have found a man of the captives of Judah, that will make known unto the king the interpretation.
Thank God Daniel is magnanimous enough to ask to have the lives of the foolish "wise men" saved, although they do not deserve mercy. Daniel hopes that among them there might be found some willing to listen to truth and find salvation through the story of the king's dream. Their lives are saved because of Daniel, a servant of God: in the same way today God spares the lives of many wicked people because of the few righteous ones among them. (See Genesis 18:26-32 for an example of how God works even now.)
Daniel 2:26-30: The king answered and said to Daniel, whose name was Belteshazzar, Art thou able to make known unto me the dream which I have seen, and the interpretation thereof? Daniel answered in the presence of the king, and said, The secret which the king hath demanded cannot the wise men, the astrologers, the magicians, the soothsayers, shew unto the king; but there is a God in heaven that revealeth secrets, and maketh known to the king Nebuchadnezzar what shall be in the latter days. Thy dream, and the visions of thy head upon thy bed, are these; as for thee, O king, thy thoughts came into thy mind upon thy bed, what should come to pass hereafter: and he that revealeth secrets maketh known to thee what shall come to pass. But as for me, this secret is not revealed to me for any wisdom that I have more than any living, but for their sakes that shall make known the interpretation to the king, and that thou mightest know the thoughts of thy heart.
The dream given to Nebuchadnezzar reveals "what shall be in the latter days." It extends to our days. Daniel is not ancient history. It's more modern than tomorrow's TIME magazine.
As a servant of God, Daniel takes no credit to himself for his understanding. He gives it all to God. His motive: that the king also might learn to believe the God of truth. He makes certain at the very beginning of his lecture before what was probably a packed house that the thoughts of all who are listening might be directed not to himself but to the God of heaven. At last God has a youth whom He can trust!
Then Daniel goes on to tell the dream and then explain it, the king listening anxiously in confidence, obviously breathless with interest.
Daniel 2:31-35: Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image. This great image, whose brightness was excellent, stood before thee; and the form thereof was terrible. This image's head was of fine gold, his breast and his arms of silver, his belly and his thighs of brass, his legs of iron, his feet part of iron and part of clay. Thou sawest till that a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image upon his feet that were of iron and clay, and brake them to pieces. Then was the iron, the clay, the brass, the silver, and the gold, broken to pieces together, and became like the chaff of the summer threshing-floors; and the wind carried them away, that no place was found for them: and the stone that smote the image became a great mountain, and filled the whole earth.
Because Nebuchadnezzar is an idolater, he is at first pleased to see this image. But when he sees the image broken to pieces and blown away by a hurricane, he is shocked. Is all his worship of images worthless?
As the feet of the image are of clay, so the foundation of worldly riches and worldly greatness is only dust. Its end: to be blown away.
We can imagine how fascinated the king is to hear this confident youth explain carefully the mysterious dream which he had forgotten. We can almost hear him exclaiming with excitement, "Yes, that's my dream! Thank you! Please go on; tell me what it means."
Daniel 2:36-38: This is the dream; and we will tell the interpretation thereof before the king. Thou, O king, art a king of kings: for the God of heaven hath given thee a kingdom, power, and strength, and glory. And wheresoever the children of men dwell, the beasts of the field and the fowls of the heaven hath he given into thine hand, and hath made thee ruler over them all. Thou art this head of gold.
The king is patriotically proud as he realizes that his kingdom, "the glory of kingdoms," is represented by the head of gold. But Daniel quickly reminds him: all his wealth and authority and honor in which he rejoices, is not his because of his valor and skill at arms. It was given to him by the great King, the God of Heaven, in trust for the good of mankind. For the first time in his life, the king begins to realize that there is a "Savior of the world," a plan of salvation for the world; and he is called to serve that Savior as His agent for the good of the world. Great thoughts begin to illuminate his mind.
The First Great World Empire
The kingdom of Babylon was founded by Nimrod who apostatized against God in very early times (Genesis 10:8-10). In the time of Nebuchadnezzar it grew to glory, a superpower of wealth and power. In building Babylon, the capital city, Nebuchadnezzar had built the greatest metropolis the world had known up to that time.Second Great World Kingdom
This is the breast and arms of silver. Even as silver is of less value than gold, so the kingdom of the Medes and Persians was not as wealthy as Babylon. But its first king, Cyrus, conquered the known world from the Aegean Sea to the borders of India.The Third Great World Kingdom
After only a few brief years, Alexander's meteoric career came to its end. Although he had conquered the world, he could not rule himself. As is true of us all apart from a Savior, Alexander "walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience, among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others" (Ephesians 2:1-3). Alexander is a notable world exhibit of one who has the world of wealth and pleasure at his feet, but chooses to remain a slave to his passions.The Fourth Great World Kingdom
Each metal that follows becomes of less value, but of greater strength. Satan has been learning in each succeeding kingdom of world history how better to bind with his chains the souls of men. Rome was a stronger kingdom than any of those that went before it. Although the English historian Edward Gibbon did not believe the Bible, he unwittingly confirmed what Daniel says about Rome in the following words:The Kingdom of God is Next
All the kingdoms of the world must come to an end, "without hands." The second coming of the world's rightful Ruler ushers in God's everlasting kingdom. This is "He ... whose right it is" (Ezekiel 21:27).